Genotype impact on the chemical composition of olive oil

Poznato je da su glavni čimbenici koji utječu na kvalitetu maslinovih ulja vrijeme berbe plodova, način berbe i transporta, način i vrijeme čuvanja ploda od berbe do prerade i način ekstrakcije ulja iz ploda masline. Kada optimaliziramo sve ove čimbenike tada nam je kvaliteta ulja direktna reprezentanta sorte, agrotehnike i elaiotehnike te pedo-klimatskih čimbenika. U radu je prikazan pregled rezultata istraživanja kemijskog sastava maslinovog ulja i senzorskih karakteristika u ovisnosti o genotipu masline.It is known that the main factors affecting the quality of olive oil are harvest time, the method of harvesting and transport mode, manner and time of storing fruit from harvesting to processing and method of extraction of oil from olive fruits. When all the factors are optimized then the quality of oil depends on cultivars, agrotechnic, elaiotechnic and pedo-climatic conditions. This paper presents an overview of research results of chemical compounds in olive oil and sensory characteristics in according to genotype

Genotype impact on the chemical composition of olive oil

Poznato je da su glavni čimbenici koji utječu na kvalitetu maslinovih ulja vrijeme berbe plodova, način berbe i transporta, način i vrijeme čuvanja ploda od berbe do prerade i način ekstrakcije ulja iz ploda masline. Kada optimaliziramo sve ove čimbenike tada nam je kvaliteta ulja direktna reprezentanta sorte, agrotehnike i elaiotehnike te pedo-klimatskih čimbenika. U radu je prikazan pregled rezultata istraživanja kemijskog sastava maslinovog ulja i senzorskih karakteristika u ovisnosti o genotipu masline.It is known that the main factors affecting the quality of olive oil are harvest time, the method of harvesting and transport mode, manner and time of storing fruit from harvesting to processing and method of extraction of oil from olive fruits. When all the factors are optimized then the quality of oil depends on cultivars, agrotechnic, elaiotechnic and pedo-climatic conditions. This paper presents an overview of research results of chemical compounds in olive oil and sensory characteristics in according to genotype

Caracteristics of sweet cherry cultivars grown in Dalmacia

U radu su iznesene pomološke i kemijske osobine lokalnih sorata trešnje koje se tradicionalno uzgajaju na području Dalmacije u usporedbi sa introduciranim sortama Bigarreau Burlat, Garnet, Isabella, Stella i Ferrovia. Istraživanje je provedeno prema deskriptorima za trešnju. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja za područje Kaštela izdvajamo: Gomiličku, Stonsku, Ranu Stonsku i Tugarku, a na području Poljica Tugarku kao vrlo kvalitetne i zanimljive sorte za intenzivniju proizvodnju svježeg ploda. Osim navedenih i ostale tradicionalno uzgajane sorte potrebno je prikupiti u svrhu očuvanja vrijednog genetskog materijala.Pomological and chemical characteristics of local sweet cherry cultivars traditionally grown in Dalmatia are presented in this paper and compared to introduced cultivars: “Bigarreau Burlat”, “Garnet”, “Isabella”, “Stella” and “Ferrovia”. The research was done using descriptors for cherry. Based on our study in Kastel area we selected: “Gomilička”, “Stonska”, “Rana Stonska” and “Tugarka” and in Poljica area the cultivar “Tugarka” as high quality and interesting cultivars for intensive production of fresh fruit. Besides the mentioned, others cultivars need to be collected for conservation of valuable genetic material

Caracteristics of sweet cherry cultivars grown in Dalmacia

U radu su iznesene pomološke i kemijske osobine lokalnih sorata trešnje koje se tradicionalno uzgajaju na području Dalmacije u usporedbi sa introduciranim sortama Bigarreau Burlat, Garnet, Isabella, Stella i Ferrovia. Istraživanje je provedeno prema deskriptorima za trešnju. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja za područje Kaštela izdvajamo: Gomiličku, Stonsku, Ranu Stonsku i Tugarku, a na području Poljica Tugarku kao vrlo kvalitetne i zanimljive sorte za intenzivniju proizvodnju svježeg ploda. Osim navedenih i ostale tradicionalno uzgajane sorte potrebno je prikupiti u svrhu očuvanja vrijednog genetskog materijala.Pomological and chemical characteristics of local sweet cherry cultivars traditionally grown in Dalmatia are presented in this paper and compared to introduced cultivars: “Bigarreau Burlat”, “Garnet”, “Isabella”, “Stella” and “Ferrovia”. The research was done using descriptors for cherry. Based on our study in Kastel area we selected: “Gomilička”, “Stonska”, “Rana Stonska” and “Tugarka” and in Poljica area the cultivar “Tugarka” as high quality and interesting cultivars for intensive production of fresh fruit. Besides the mentioned, others cultivars need to be collected for conservation of valuable genetic material

Characteristics of apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) cultivars grown in Žrnovnica area

Razlike između dnevnih i noćnih temperatura zraka u vrijeme vegetacije kao i ostale agroekološke prilike na području Žrnovnice pogoduju uzgoju jabuke (Malus x domestica Borkh.). Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je pomološki i kemijski okarakterizirati sorte jabuke uzgajane na tom području te procijeniti potencijal sorte \u27Žrnovska\u27. Na prikupljenim plodovima sorata \u27Idared\u27, \u27Gloster\u27, \u27Golden Delicious\u27, \u27Red Delicious\u27 i \u27Žrnovska\u27 determinirane su sljedeće karakteristike: masa ploda, dužina i širina ploda, sadržaj suhe tvari, ukupna kiselost, škrob, indeks zrelosti, pH, sadržaj kalija, ukupnih polifenola i ukupnih flavonoida. Najveću masu ploda imala je sorta \u27Red Delicious\u27 (192,30g), a najmanju \u27Žrnovska\u27 (114,73g) dok se ostale sorte nisu značajno razlikovale. Tvrdoća sorte \u27Žrnovska\u27 značajno je veća u odnosu na ostale istraživane sorte kao i sadržaj ukupnih kiselina i ukupnih polifenola. Dobiveni rezultati upućuju na potrebu očuvanja i promocije sorte \u27Žrnovska\u27 kao prepoznatljivog lokalnog proizvoda.The variations between night and day temperatures in Žrnovnica, as well as other agroecological conditions make it adequate for apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) growing. The aim of this research was to characterize pomologically and chemically apple cultivars grown in this area and to estimate the potential of the cultivar ‘Žrnovska’. The weight, length and width of fruit, dry matter content, total acidity, starch, maturity index, pH, potassium content, polyphenols and flavonoids were determined on fruit samples of \u27Idared\u27, \u27Gloster\u27, \u27Golden Delicious\u27, \u27Red Delicious\u27 and \u27Žrnovska\u27 cultivar. The cultivar ‘Red Delicious’ had the highest fruit weight (192,30g), ‘Žrnovska’ cultivar the minimum while no differences were observed between other cultivars. Fruits of ‘Žrnovska’ cultivar, in comparison with other cultivars, had the highest firmness as well as total polyphenol and flavonoid content. According to these results it is necessary to conserve and to promote ‘Žrnovska’ cultivar as a locally recognized product

Use value and breeding potential of terebinth (Pistacia terebinthus L.)

Pistacia terebinthus L. ili smrdljika je listopadni grm ili nisko stablo iz porodice Anacardiaceae. Autohtona je vrsta Mediterana, a u Hrvatskoj je široko rasprostranjena od Istre, preko Hrvatskog primorja, Dalmacije, Dalmatinske zagore do krajnjeg juga. Kserofitna je vrsta, koja raste na osunčanim položajima u makijama i šikarama eumediteranske i submediteranske zone na suhim, toplim, kamenitim i stjenovitim mjestima. Na području prirodne rasprostranjenosti tradicionalno se koristila u prehrani, kao i u liječenju mnogih zdravstvenih tegoba, kao što su respiratorne i urinarne infekcije, želučane tegobe, reumatizam, itd. U novije vrijeme, analize kemijskog sastava vrste upućuju na znatan sadržaj mnogobrojnih aktivnih sastojaka visoke nutritivne vrijednosti i ljekovitog djelovanja (npr. eterična ulja, proteini, tanini, nezasićene masne kiseline, flavonoidi), a najpoznatija je po sadržaju smole iz koje se izdvaja terpentin. Zbog veće otpornosti na sušu, temperaturne ekstreme, bolesti i štetnike te s obzirom na rasprostranjenost na našem području, smrdljika ima najveći potencijal kao podloga za cijepljenje prave tršlje ili pistacije (P. vera L.), cijenjene zbog svojih plodova, što danas predstavlja upotrebu od najvećeg gospodarskog značaja, a prvi nasadi već se podižu u srednjoj Dalmaciji. Najčešći način cijepljenja je okuliranje koje se provodi na dobro razvijenim dvogodišnjim podlogama smrdljike. Izvjesni problem koji se javlja kod proizvodnje podloga je niska klijavost sjemena smrdljike zbog fiziološke i fizikalne dormantnosti, partenokarpije i abortiranja sjemenki. Dostupna znanstvena i stručna literatura kao i rezultati preliminarnih terenskih istraživanja upućuju na postojanje velikog potencijala upotrebe smrdljike u agronomiji, šumarstvu, farmaciji i prehrambenoj industriji.Pistacia terebinthus L. or terebinth is a deciduous shrub or low tree from the Anacardiaceae family. It is a native species of the Mediterranean region. In Croatia it is widespread from Istria through the Croatian coast, Dalmatia and Dalmatian Zagora to the extreme south. It is a xerophytic species that grows in sunny places in maquis and thickets of the eu-Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean zone on dry, warm, stony, and rocky terrains. In its natural range it has traditionally been used as food and for the treatment of numerous health problems such as respiratory and urinary infections, stomach problems, rheumatism etc. Recently, analyzes of its chemical composition indicate that it contains numerous active ingredients with high nutritional value and medicinal effects (essential oils, proteins, tannins, unsaturated fatty acids, flavonoids, tannins). The terebinth plants are especially known for their resin content, from which turpentine is extracted. Due to its greater resistance to drought, temperature extremes, diseases and pests, and considering its widespread distribution in Croatia, P. terebinthus has the greatest potential as a rootstock for grafting pistachio (P. vera L.), valued for the fruits. The first plantations of. P. vera are already being established in Central Dalmatia. The most common grafting method is chip budding, which is carried out on well-developed biennial rootstocks. A certain problem encountered in rootstock production is the low germination rate of P. terebinthus seeds due to physiological and physical dormancy, parthenocarpy and seed abortion. The available scientific and professional literature, as well as the results of preliminary field research, indicate great potential for the use of P. terebinthus in agronomy, forestry, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries

Harvest time infuence on quality parameters of apple cultivars (Malus x domestica Borkh.)

Istraživani su optimalni rokovi berbe za sorte Cripps Pink, Granny Smith i Fuji tijekom dvije godine u ekološkim uvjetima ušća rijeke Neretve. Plodovi su ubrani u nasadu jabuka u tri roka berbe, u vegetacijskoj godini 2006. i 2007., s razmakom od sedam dana između rokova. Pomoću standardnih metoda za određivanje optimalnog roka berbe jabuka u laboratoriju su provedene sljedeće analize: određivanje mase plodova, tvrdoće, topljive suhe tvari, ukupnih kiselina, proveden je škrobni test i utvrđen indeks dozrelosti. Analizom dobivenih rezultata te usporedbom rezultata s relevantnom znanstvenom literaturom za istraživano područje utvrđeni su optimalni rokovi berbe za pojedine sorte. Za sortu Cripps Pink optimalni rok berbe bio je treći, (214 dana od pune cvatnje do berbe), za sortu Granny Smith razdoblje oko drugog roka (201 dan od pune cvatnje do berbe), te za sortu Fuji drugi rok berbe (201 dan od pune cvatnje do berbe).Researches were done to determine the optimum harvest time for apple cultivars: Cripps Pink, Granny Smith and Fuji, located in the Neretva river delta. There were three terms of getting samples with 7 days between each of them. Using some standard methods to determine optimum harvest time for apple yields, a few laboratory analyses were done, such as: determination of firmness, soluble solids content, starch test, total acids and F/RS After comparing our results with those from the literature were established for optimum harvest terms: for Cripps Pink it was the third (214 days after full bloom ), for Granny Smith the second (201 days after full bloom) and for Fuji it was the second (201 days after full bloom) term of harvesting

Utility of EST-SNP Markers for Improving Management and Use of Olive Genetic Resources: A Case Study at the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba

Olive, the emblematic Mediterranean fruit crop, owns a great varietal diversity, which is maintained in ex situ field collections, such as the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (WOGBC), Spain. Accurate identification of WOGBC, one of the world’s largest collections, is essential for efficient management and use of olive germplasm. The present study is the first report of the use of a core set of 96 EST-SNP markers for the fingerprinting of 1273 accessions from 29 countries, including both field and new acquired accessions. The EST-SNP fingerprinting made possible the accurate identification of 668 different genotypes, including 148 detected among the new acquired accessions. Despite the overall high genetic diversity found at WOGBC, the EST-SNPs also revealed the presence of remarkable redundant germplasm mostly represented by synonymy cases within and between countries. This finding, together with the presence of homonymy cases, may reflect a continuous interchange of olive cultivars, as well as a common and general approach for their naming. The structure analysis revealed a certain geographic clustering of the analysed germplasm. The EST-SNP panel under study provides a powerful and accurate genotyping tool, allowing for the foundation of a common strategy for efficient safeguarding and management of olive genetic resources.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Utility of EST-SNP Markers for Improving Management and Use of Olive Genetic Resources: A Case Study at the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba

Olive, the emblematic Mediterranean fruit crop, owns a great varietal diversity, which is maintained in ex situ field collections, such as the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (WOGBC), Spain. Accurate identification of WOGBC, one of the world’s largest collections, is essential for efficient management and use of olive germplasm. The present study is the first report of the use of a core set of 96 EST-SNP markers for the fingerprinting of 1273 accessions from 29 countries, including both field and new acquired accessions. The EST-SNP fingerprinting made possible the accurate identification of 668 different genotypes, including 148 detected among the new acquired accessions. Despite the overall high genetic diversity found at WOGBC, the EST-SNPs also revealed the presence of remarkable redundant germplasm mostly represented by synonymy cases within and between countries. This finding, together with the presence of homonymy cases, may reflect a continuous interchange of olive cultivars, as well as a common and general approach for their naming. The structure analysis revealed a certain geographic clustering of the analysed germplasm. The EST-SNP panel under study provides a powerful and accurate genotyping tool, allowing for the foundation of a common strategy for efficient safeguarding and management of olive genetic resources.EEA San JuanFil: Belaj, Angjelina. Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria, Pesquera, Alimentaria y de la Producción Ecológica (IFAPA) . Centro “Alameda del Obispo”; EspañaFil: Ninot, Antònia . IRTA; EspañaFil: Gómez-Gálvez, Francisco J. Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria, Pesquera, Alimentaria y de la Producción Ecológica (IFAPA) . Centro “Alameda del Obispo”; EspañaFil: El Riachy, Milad. LARI. Department of Olive and Olive Oil; LíbanoFil: Gurbuz-Veral, Melek. Olive Research Institute. Department of Breeding and Genetics; TurquíaFil: Torres, Myriam Mariela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan; Argentina.Fil: Torres, Myriam Mariela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lazaj, Adhurim. Qendra e Transferimit te Teknologjise Bujqesore; AlbaniaFil: Klepo, Tatjana.Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food. Center of Pomology; CroaciaFil: Paz, Sergio. Servicio de Transferencia de Tecnología Conselleria de Agricultura, Desarrollo Rural, Emergencia Climática y Transición Ecológica; EspañaFil: Ugarte, Javier. Gobierno de La Rioja. Servicio de Investigación Agraria y Sanidad Vegetal; EspañaFil: Baldoni, Luciana. National Research Council. Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources; ItaliaFil: Lorite, Ignacio J. Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria, Pesquera, Alimentaria y de la Producción Ecológica (IFAPA) . Centro “Alameda del Obispo”; EspañaFil: Šatović, Zlatko .University of Zagreb. Department of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture; CroaciaFil: Šatović, Zlatko. Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CoE CroP-BioDiv); CroaciaFil: de la Rosa, Raúl . Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria, Pesquera, Alimentaria y de la Producción Ecológica (IFAPA) . Centro “Alameda del Obispo”; Españ